The Ministry of Health of Burkina Faso is planning to establish a cancer centre in Ouagadougou and AMPC was contracted to carry out an Environmental and Social Impact Assessment (ESIA) for the project. First of all, a baseline study was carried out, taking into account the natural and social environment. Thereafter, the potential positive and negative impacts of the project were identified and assessed, both for the construction phase and the operational phase. Finally, the Environmental Management Plan described the mitigation measures to be taken to prevent, reduce or remedy the potential negative impacts of the project, including the institutional arrangements for their implementation and the associated costs. Specific attention was given to the risks related to the use of radioactive sources and the management of radioactive waste due to the provision of services such as radiation therapy and nuclear medicine.